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The
subcontinent of India lies in south Asia, between Pakistan,
China and Nepal. To the north it is bordered by the world's
highest mountain chain, where foothill valleys cover the
northernmost of the country's 26 states. Further south,
plateaus, tropical rain forests and sandy deserts are
bordered by palm fringed beaches.
Side
by side with the country's staggering topographical variations
is its cultural diversity, the result of the coexistence
of a number of religions as well as local tradition. Thus,
the towering temples of south India, easily identifiable
by their ornately sculptured surface, are associated with
a great many crafts and performing arts of the region.
In
the desert of Kutch, Gujarat, on the other hand, a scattering
of villages pit themselves against the awesome forces
of nature, resulting in Spartan lifestyles made vibrant
by a profusion of jewelry and ornamental embroidery used
to adorn apparel and household linen. In the extreme north
is the high altitude desert of Ladakh. Local culture is
visibly shaped by the faith - Buddhism -as well as by
the harsh terrain. Yet another facet of Indian culture
is observed in the colorful tribal lifestyles of the north
eastern states of Nagaland, Mizoram, Tripura and Manipur
with their folk culture.
In
the central Indian states of Orissa and Madhya Pradesh
tribal village life has resulted in a variety of artistically
executed handicrafts.
India's
mountains provide heli skiing, river running, mountaineering
and trekking. Its beaches provide lazy sun-bathing as
well as wind surfing and snorkeling, and its jungles provide
shooting wildlife -with a camera.
India's
history goes back to 3,200 BC when Hinduism was first
founded. Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism. Judaism. Zoroashtrianism,
Christianity and Islam all exist within the country today.
As a consequence of India's size, the history of the country
has seldom been the same for two adjoining territories,
and its great natural wealth has lured a succession of
traders and foreign influences to it, each having left
their imprint in the country, however faint or localized.
Thus, Chinese fishing nets in Kerala are a throwback to
that country's ancient maritime trade, while in the north,
terra-cotta figurines of the centuries BC bear distinctly
Greek traces.
Modern
India is home alike to the tribal with his anachronistic
lifestyle and to the sophisticated urban jetsetter. It
is a land where temple elephants exist amicably with the
microchip. Its ancient monuments are the backdrop for
the world's largest democracy where atomic energy is generated
and industrial development has brought the country within
the world's top ten nations. Today, fishermen along the
country's coastline fashion simple fishing boats in a
centuries old tradition while, a few miles away. motor
vehicles glide off conveyor belts in state-of-the-art
factories.
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